Responsive Skins
An exploration of Paratonic Surfaces in Architecture
CJ R&D Center Kinetic Facade
By Yan Krymsky
As part of a recent design effort here in the studio we attempted to develop a kinetic facade that could respond and adapt in real-time to both solar radiation and user input. The client, CJ Corporation of Korea, was enthusiastic about the idea as part of their “only one” initiative which promotes unique one-of-a-kind thinking. While this certainly isn’t the only kinetic facade in the world, it presented our team with a new set of challenges.
We were supported by Arup LA’s facade development leader Matt Williams who had recentlyworked on the Abu Dhabi Investment Council Headquarters tower by Aedas. Matt’s experience with the PTFE membrane-clad kinetic facade system of the Investment Council Tower was extremely helpful in developing our aspirations for CJ into a workable system. Our initial design featured a pleat-inspired perforated metal veil which pinched open to celebrate views in select locations. These apertures were fixed and restricted by the high volume of lab and office space on the interior requiring limited direct sunlight.
Devising a mechanism that would allow the system to “flex” could maximize exposure to natural light and views, while also filtering out direct sunlight and reducing glare. Matt’s first pass at the mechanism was based on a single linear actuator that could gather the pleated membrane like an umbrella to vary aperture based on time and user preferences.
Drawing inspiration from BMW Gina concept car, the Hoberman Sphere, and the scissor mechanism on Charles Aweida’s fancy compact Burberry umbrella, we further developed the system to achieve the multi-fold veil in our original design.
Billings Public Library, Billings, Montana
Will Bruder+Partners with O2 Architects
Jury comment: The library is a beautiful, functional box that successfully incorporates playful volumes to create interest while providing circulation cues and giving the interior a unique identity. The materials and detailing have a strong connection to the local vernacular, incorporating reclaimed materials thoughtfully and smoothly.
We incorporated two linear actuators to allow for the top and bottom portions to flex independently and modified the path of the actuator extension so that the outer position of the membrane would maintain a consistent offset from the facade in both open and closed positions.
Using inverse kinematics in 3ds Max, a tool normally used for character animation, we were able to study the system’s range of motion and fine-tune the parts.
A mock-up of the system is currently in progress here in the studio. We will be using micro-linear actuators along with photo sensors to develop this system further.
